Which of the Following Statements About Transborder Data Flow Is

Which of the following statements about transborder data flow is not true?

A) The European Data Directive of 1998 standardized privacy protection among EU nations.
B) The European Data Directive of 1998 allowed for the transfer of personal data to systems located in the United States and other nations where these systems met European privacy standards.
C) The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provides additional privacy protection for European citizens and applies to all data produced by EU citizens.
D) The GDPR applies to all companies collecting data on EU citizens even if they are not located in the EU.
E) The GDPR applies only to citizens of the EU and does not apply to non-citizen residents.