When students perceive the arousal that accompanies test-taking as energizing rather than debilitating, they experience much less anxiety. This is best understood in terms of the

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The two-factor theory proposes that our emotions are composed of both a physical arousal and a cognitive label for that arousal. When students interpret their arousal during test-taking as energizing rather than anxiety-inducing, they are providing a positive cognitive label for their physical arousal, which can reduce their overall anxiety.

When Students Perceive the Arousal That Accompanies Test-Taking as Energizing