Who best illustrated that the perceived whole differs from the sum of its parts?

Question

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Gestalt psychologists developed the idea of "Gestalt principles," which emphasize that the way we perceive objects is not just based on the individual components, but also the overall pattern and context. They argued that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts, meaning that our perception of an object is not based solely on the individual features or parts but rather the pattern they create as a whole.

Who Best Illustrated That the Perceived Whole Differs from the Sum