If You Read a Case Study or Testimonial, You Don't

If you read a case study or testimonial, you don't know whether that anecdote is representative. What does that mean?

A) The anecdote could be a lie.
B) The anecdote could be about an exceptional person or circumstance rather than a typical one.
C) The anecdote likely contains psychobabble and misuse of scientific terms.
D) The anecdote is used as a loophole or escape from the theory being tested.