Some Students Consume Large Amounts of Coffee and So-Called Energy

Some students consume large amounts of coffee and so-called energy drinks to help them stay alert when studying. You notice that many who engage in this practice seem to do poorly on exams. Suppose you want to investigate the relationship between caffeine consumption and exam performance. Which of the following statements would be an appropriate hypothesis?

A) Students who consume large amounts of caffeine while studying will have lower exam scores than those who consume less caffeine.
B) One should avoid consuming too much caffeine while studying.
C) Too much caffeine is harmful to your health.
D) Many students consume large amounts of caffeine while studying.
E) Caffeine increases alertness but also increases anxiety.