Zajonc resolved the conflicting findings on how the presence of others influences performance with the help of the well-established principle in experimental psychology that arousal

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Zajonc's theory, known as social facilitation, proposes that the presence of others produces arousal, which enhances the dominant response tendency. This means that if the task is simple or well-learned, the presence of others will likely enhance performance, but if the task is complex or novel, the presence of others may interfere with performance. Zajonc's theory has been supported by numerous studies and is one of the most influential explanations for how the presence of others affects performance.

Zajonc Resolved the Conflicting Findings on How the Presence of Others