Researchers investigate the effects of smoking on math performance. They place an ad in the national paper and invite smokers of all ages to participate. Such a process allows

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By placing an ad in the national paper, the researchers are allowing each smoker to have an equal chance to participate in the study. By investigating the effects of smoking on math performance, the researchers are inferring cause and effect. Finally, by inviting smokers of all ages to participate, the researchers are able to generalize the results to the population. Therefore, all of the above are true.

Researchers Investigate the Effects of Smoking on Math Performance