The key factor to distinguish relative and absolute polycythemia is that a relative polycythemia is caused by:

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Relative polycythemia is caused by a decreased amount of serum, which leads to an increase in the concentration of red blood cells in the blood. This can be due to dehydration or loss of fluids, which causes a relative increase in the number of red blood cells. In contrast, absolute polycythemia is caused by an increase in the production of erythrocytes, either due to a primary disorder of the bone marrow or a secondary response to increased production of erythropoietin. The options A, C, and D are all potential causes of absolute polycythemia.

The Key Factor to Distinguish Relative and Absolute Polycythemia Is