Some of the earliest studies in psychology used ______.

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Discrete trials were commonly used in early psychology studies, particularly in behaviorism, where behavior was studied by breaking it down into small, observable units. Examples include Pavlov's classical conditioning experiments and Skinner's operant conditioning experiments. Options B-D (A-B-A designs, baseline designs, reversal designs) are all experimental designs that were developed later in the field of psychology.

Some of the Earliest Studies in Psychology Used ______