An actionable subsidy is permissible and nonchallengeable, such as government funding to underwrite research activities, to aid disadvantaged regions, or to help existing facilities adapt to new environmental requirements.

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An actionable subsidy is one that is considered to have adverse effects on the interests of other countries, and thus, can be challenged by those countries through the World Trade Organization (WTO) or similar bodies. Non-actionable subsidies, which are permissible and nonchallengeable, include those for research activities, disadvantaged regions, or environmental adaptation, but the term "actionable subsidy" specifically refers to those that can be contested.

An Actionable Subsidy Is Permissible and Nonchallengeable, Such as Government