Which of the following can introduce unsaturation into a molecular formula?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Both rings and ð bonds can introduce unsaturation into a molecular formula because they contain pi bonds, which can participate in reactions that break the pi bond and introduce new atoms or functional groups. Rings can also lead to unsaturation because they can constrain the movements of the atoms within the ring, preventing them from forming new bonds and leaving some of the valence electrons unused.

Which of the Following Can Introduce Unsaturation into a Molecular