The Congress of Berlin in 1878 was characterized by

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The Congress of Berlin in 1878 was characterized by the brutal expression of Realpolitik in territorial aggrandizement as the great powers, particularly Germany and Austria-Hungary, competed for influence in the Balkans and sought to diminish the power of the Ottoman Empire. This led to the fragmentation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the establishment of an independent state of Serbia, and the annexation of Cyprus by Britain. The territorial gains made by the great powers came at the expense of the desires of the local populations and set the stage for future ethnic and nationalistic conflicts.

The Congress of Berlin in 1878 Was Characterized by