While the Spanish Empire ruled much of the New World and many wealthy territories in Europe, it met its match in the Netherlands, where

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All of these factors contributed to the Dutch Revolt against Spanish rule. The Dutch had a tradition of medieval autonomy, which they were determined to protect, and religious tensions between Protestant and Catholic communities only worsened as the Spanish attempted to impose their will. Meanwhile, economic growth in the Netherlands put stress on centralized authority, leading to a rebellion against the high taxes and strict rule of the Spanish Empire. Finally, Philip II of Spain's lack of familiarity with the Dutch culture and customs made it difficult for him to understand and address their grievances.

While the Spanish Empire Ruled Much of the New World