Which decision is indicative of how the Supreme Court interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment and state discretion in civil rights matters in the decades after the Civil War?

Question

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Plessy v. Ferguson, decided in 1896, established the "separate but equal" doctrine, which allowed for racial segregation to continue in public facilities as long as the facilities were deemed "equal." This decision upheld the state's discretion in implementing segregation laws and ignored the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. It wasn't until Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 that the Supreme Court overturned this decision and declared segregation unconstitutional.

Which Decision Is Indicative of How the Supreme Court Interpreted