Where a given species of vertebrate lives has dramatically shaped the evolution of respiratory adaptations,particularly since the oxygen concentration in air is approximately 20 times that of the oxygen concentration in water.Per unit area of gas exchange surface,which group of vertebrates can extract the greatest total amount of oxygen from the external medium?
A)amphibians
B)birds
C)fish
D)mammals
E)reptiles

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Birds have a highly efficient respiratory system that allows for a greater amount of oxygen extraction per unit area of gas exchange surface compared to other vertebrates. This is due to the presence of air sacs that allow for a unidirectional flow of air through the lungs, ensuring that oxygen is constantly available for gas exchange. Additionally, the presence of a highly efficient respiratory pigment, hemoglobin, allows for greater oxygen uptake by the blood.

Where a Given Species of Vertebrate Lives Has Dramatically Shaped