Failure to take steps to avoid or escape from an unpleasant or aversive stimulus that occurs as a result of previous exposure to unavoidable painful stimuli is called ________.
A) vicarious learning
B) learned helplessness
C) avoidance learning
D) aversive conditioning

Question

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Learned helplessness is a phenomenon where an organism learns that it is helpless to avoid or escape from unpleasant or aversive stimuli that occur as a result of previous exposure to unavoidable painful stimuli. This can lead to a feeling of loss of control over the situation, even if there are opportunities to escape or avoid the aversive stimulus. Vicarious learning refers to learning by watching others, avoidance learning is the process of learning to avoid aversive stimuli, and aversive conditioning is a form of behavioral therapy that pairs an unpleasant stimulus with an undesirable behavior to decrease the likelihood of that behavior occurring again.

Failure to Take Steps to Avoid or Escape from an Unpleasant