Demand characteristics can result from all of the following except:

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Demand characteristics refer to the cues and perceived expectations present in an experimental environment that influence participants' behavior. These can stem from the experimental situation itself (A), the expectations about what behaviors are desired or expected by the researchers (B), and participants' attempts to present themselves in a favorable light or "faking" (D). Cultural bias, however, is not a source of demand characteristics; instead, it relates to the researcher's assumptions, beliefs, and biases that can affect various aspects of the research process, including design, interpretation, and analysis, rather than influencing participant behavior directly in the context of demand characteristics.

Demand Characteristics Can Result from All of the Following Except