The evolution of physical traits of males to attract females or to compete with other males to mate with females is known as

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Sexual selection is the process by which physical traits evolve in males to attract females or to compete with other males for mating opportunities. This competition can lead to the evolution of sexual dimorphism, or the physical differences between males and females of the same species. Sexual polymorphism refers to the existence of multiple different physical forms within a single sex, which is not directly related to sexual selection. Mate guarding, on the other hand, refers to the behavior of males to prevent their mate from copulating with other males after mating has occurred, and is not directly related to the evolution of physical traits.

The Evolution of Physical Traits of Males to Attract Females