Which of the following is or are an example of "state paternalism"?

Question

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All of these choices represent examples of state paternalism, which refers to government actions that limit individual freedom or autonomy in order to promote the welfare or well-being of the population as a whole.

Licensing requirements, for example, are designed to protect public health and safety by ensuring that individuals who provide certain services (such as doctors, lawyers, or hairdressers) meet certain standards of competence and professionalism.

Restrictions on therapies and treatments paid for by government-sponsored health insurances like Medicare or Medicaid are intended to prevent fraud or abuse by healthcare providers, as well as to ensure that taxpayers' dollars are spent on medically necessary procedures or treatments that are backed by scientific evidence.

Restrictions on the use of government research funds may be justified by concerns about ethical, social, or political implications of certain research projects, like human cloning or genetic engineering.

Which of the Following Is or Are an Example of "State