How Do Astronomers Explain the Energetic Jets That Come Out

How do astronomers explain the energetic jets that come out of quasars and active galactic nuclei in opposite directions?

A) the jets are "spit out" from the chaotic accretion disks of supermassive black holes in directions that are perpendicular to the disk
B) the jets are produced when a whole series of massive stars near the galaxy's center explode at the same time as supernovae
C) the jets are connected with the dark matter in distant galaxies; this dark matter is in two large bubbles above and below the galaxy
D) the jets are a kind of astronomical mirage, produced by gravitational lensing by a large mass between us and the quasar
E) there is no current explanation for these jets; they are an unsolved mystery
Section 27.3: Quasars as Probes of Evolution in the Universe