The first spacecraft which did not merely fly by a jovian (or giant) planet, but actually went into orbit around it for an extended period of time was

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Galileo was the first spacecraft to go into orbit around a jovian planet (Jupiter) for an extended period of time. The Galileo mission lasted from 1989 to 2003 and provided detailed observations of Jupiter and its moons.

The First Spacecraft Which Did Not Merely Fly by a Jovian