The spacecraft that soft-landed successfully on the surface of Venus (and briefly sent back pictures while sitting in that destructive environment) were called

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The Venera missions were a series of Soviet unmanned space missions to Venus in the 1970s and 1980s. Of the 16 missions, 10 successfully reached the Venusian surface and sent back data, including the Venera 7 mission which achieved the first successful soft landing on another planet.

The Spacecraft That Soft-Landed Successfully on the Surface of Venus