The nurse is caring for an older adult patient with a urinary tract infection (UTI). The patient points to the smoke alarm inside the room and asks the nurse, "Would you please turn on the radio?" For which alteration will the nurse assess the patient?

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2. Delirium typically is an abrupt, short-term change in mental state marked by confused thinking, disorientation, perceptual disturbances, agitation, and mood swings. Delirium results from an underlying medical condition, substance intoxication or withdrawal, exposure to a toxin, or other etiology. In this case, the patient is suffering from a UTI, which may be causing delirium. Dementia is a progressive disorder characterized by gradual loss of cognitive functioning. Pseudodementia is characterized by cognitive changes that arise secondary to depression. Agnosia, is the loss of sensory ability to recognize objects, and is a manifestation of Alzheimer disease.

The Nurse Is Caring for an Older Adult Patient with a Urinary