In patients without diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is most commonly caused by:
A) systemic infections.
B) immune-mediated mechanisms.
C) hormonal and endocrine mechanisms.
D) dietary and lifestyle factors.
Correct Answer:
Verified
Q1: Normal GFR is:
A) 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.
B) 75
Q2: Normal nephron function is adversely affected by:
A)
Q3: The most common causes of end-stage renal
Q5: The main function of the distal tubule
Q6: The main function of the proximal tubule
Q7: The term oliguria refers to:
A) a reduced
Q8: Patients with renal disease usually have a
Q9: The term hematuria refers to:
A) a reduced
Q10: The basic functional units of the kidney
Q11: Significant comorbidities in patients with CKD include:
A)
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