Suppose the stock of government debt in Canada at the end of fiscal Year 1 is $475 billion.If the stock of debt falls to $461 billion by the end of fiscal Year 2,and debt-service payments during Year 2 were $38 billion,then we know that the government had

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The primary budget surplus is calculated by subtracting the change in debt from the debt-service payments: $475 billion - $461 billion = $14 billion reduction in debt, plus $38 billion in debt-service payments, resulting in a $52 billion primary budget surplus.

Suppose the Stock of Government Debt in Canada at the End