Consider the Neoclassical growth model.The effect of an increase in population (or the labour force)in an economy,with everything else held constant,is

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In the short run, an increase in population may boost output as more workers become available. However, in the long run, with fixed amounts of capital and technology, an increase in population will lead to a decrease in per capita output because there will be less capital per worker, resulting in lower productivity.

Consider the Neoclassical Growth Model