The main distinction between a chiefdom and a big-man or big-woman form of social organization:

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The main distinction between a chiefdom and a big-man or big-woman form of social organization is that when chiefs die, they must be replaced as they play a greater role in regulating production, distribution, and solving internal conflicts. In contrast, a big-man or big-woman is not typically replaced upon their death, and their power and influence are generally limited to one village or community. Additionally, while both chiefdoms and big-man/woman systems involve a combination of ascribed and achieved status, chiefs tend to hold more ascribed status due to their inherited and inherited-based claims to power.

The Main Distinction Between a Chiefdom and a Big-Man or Big-Woman