Al's Parents Expect Him to Receive All as on His

Al's parents expect him to receive all As on his report card, play quarterback for the football team, and win the election for senior class president. When Al comes home with a B+ on his report card, his parents ground him for a month. Because of his parents' actions, Al is likely to develop

A) intrinsic motivation.
B) performance motivation.
C) mastery motivation.
D) learned helplessness.