You want to study the effects of training on performance.Because you must get permission to train people,you ask for volunteers.You train the volunteers,and then measure the performance of both volunteers (trained)and non-volunteers (non-trained).You have used

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In this scenario, participants self-selected into groups (volunteers vs. non-volunteers), which means there was no random assignment to conditions (trained vs. non-trained). Additionally, because individuals chose whether or not to volunteer, there was no random selection from a larger population for participation in the study.

You Want to Study the Effects of Training on Performance