Why Was Lester Frank Ward's Dynamic Sociology Considered a Challenge

Why was Lester Frank Ward's Dynamic Sociology considered a challenge to William Graham Sumner's "social Darwinism"?

A) Whereas Ward embraced the notion of "survival of the fittest," Sumner embraced the notion of "survival of the smartest."
B) Whereas Ward believed that humans had no control over their destiny, Sumner argued that as the best fit organisms, humans had great power to promote public welfare.
C) Whereas Ward believed that Darwinian evolution was an important discovery, Sumner strongly felt that it went against the beliefs of Christianity.
D) Whereas Ward believed intellect, informed by science, gave humans the ability to shape social change, Sumner believed society functioned according to natural selection.
E) Whereas Ward denied the existence of evolution, Sumner focused entirely on the scientific theory of evolution as opposed to its social implications.