Which of the Following Was True of Both Republicans and Democrats

Which of the following was true of both Republicans and Democrats in the 1870s?

A) Both parties took credit for abolishing slavery and saving the Union, which led to most day-to-day power coming to reside within the federal government.
B) Both parties came to develop factions that promoted honesty in government, even as both had their share of officials willing to buy or sell government jobs and legislative votes.
C) Both parties actively pursued controversial issues due to the low voter turnout of the Gilded Age and their certainty that they would avoid a close election.
D) Both parties rejected the idea of high tariffs on imports in all instances, even when they would benefit industry leaders, for fear of what it would do to the economy.
E) Both parties suffered from the lack of party loyalty in Gilded Age America and often lost prominent leaders who switched sides depending on the political climate at the time.