A study that compares two groups that differ on the variable under study at the outset of the study is called a(n):

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A quasi-experiment is a study that compares two groups that differ on the variable under study at the outset of the study. Longitudinal studies follow the same group of individuals over time to observe changes, while cross-sectional studies compare groups at a single point in time. Retrospective studies look at past events to gather data.

A Study That Compares Two Groups That Differ on the Variable