Fred Wants to Lose 20 Pounds

Fred wants to lose 20 pounds. He places 20 one-pound boxes of lard in the refrigerator. As his weight-loss program proceeds, he removes one box of lard each time he succeeds in losing a pound. In this instance, Fred is using

A) positive self-punishment.
B) negative self-punishment.
C) positive self-reward.
D) negative self-reward.
E) positive self-punishment and negative self-reward.