Ammonium perchlorate can decompose violently according to the chemical equation below. 2 NH₄ClO₄(s) → N₂(g) + Cl₂(g) + 2 O₂(g) + 4 H₂O(g)
What volume of chlorine gas is produced by the decomposition of 120 g NH₄ClO₄ at 650 K and 1.0 atm? (R = 0.08206 L⋅atm/K⋅mol)

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The balanced chemical equation shows that 2 moles of NH4ClO4 produce 1 mole of Cl2. The molar mass of NH4ClO4 is 117.49 g/mol. Therefore, 120 g of NH4ClO4 is equal to 120 g / 117.49 g/mol = 1.021 mol. According to the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation, 1.021 mol of NH4ClO4 will produce 1.021 mol of Cl2. Using the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, we can calculate the volume of Cl2 produced: V = nRT/P = (1.021 mol)(0.08206 L⋅atm/K⋅mol)(650 K)/(1.0 atm) = 54.1 L.

Ammonium Perchlorate Can Decompose Violently According to the Chemical Equation