Before Birth,the Foramen Ovale Allows Blood to Pass from the Right

Before birth,the foramen ovale allows blood to pass from the right atrium to the left atrium thereby by-passing the lungs and pulmonary circulation.Why?

A) Because the lungs do not function until after birth
B) Because the blood is already oxygenated
C) Because the fetus is getting oxygen from its mother
D) Because the lungs are collapsed
E) All of the above are valid reasons for blood to bypass the lungs before birth.