The Fifth Amendment's protection against self-incrimination applies to all records including all those that the government requires to be kept.

Question

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The Fifth Amendment's protection against self-incrimination does not automatically apply to all records, especially those that the government requires to be kept for regulatory purposes. This is because the Supreme Court has held that the act of producing certain documents can be a form of testimony if it implicitly communicates facts (like the existence, possession, or authenticity of the documents), but this protection is limited and does not extend to records that are required to be kept under regulatory schemes (such as tax or employment records), where the Required Records Doctrine applies.

The Fifth Amendment's Protection Against Self-Incrimination Applies to All Records