Question 1

Mario and Gerald have prejudiced feelings for each other. Their parents would like to see them become friends. Which of the following might be most helpful in reaching this goal?

Accepted Answer

By designing an interesting and enjoyable project in which both Mario and Gerald will need to work co-operatively toward a common goal, they will have to communicate and work together, which can promote understanding and trust. It also gives them a chance to see the other person's skills and contributions, which can build respect and admiration for each other. This approach focuses on positive interaction and mutual respect, instead of forcing them to spend time together, which may not address the underlying issues causing their prejudice. Encouraging fighting and insults is never a useful or appropriate solution.

Question 2

In order to reduce discrimination, the contact hypothesis states that

Accepted Answer

The contact hypothesis states that in order to reduce discrimination, groups should have equal status and ability to perform in the contact situation. This allows for positive interactions and cooperation to take place, overcoming negative stereotypes and prejudice. Introducing groups in a familiar or competitive environment (A) may still perpetuate discrimination and bias. Identifying members of the opposite group as "special" or "extraordinary" (B) may create unrealistic expectations and not address the larger issue of discrimination. Formal and structured contact (C) may create a "forced" interaction, rather than allowing for genuine positive interactions to take place.

Question 3

The bystander effect is influenced by all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

The answer of The bystander effect is influenced by all...

Question 4

In the Robber's Cave experiment, Sherif and Sherif suggested one way to break down prejudice is to

Accepted Answer

In the Robber's Cave experiment, Sherif and Sherif demonstrated that working on a common problem can reduce prejudice and conflict between two groups who see each other as "out groups." The researchers had two groups of boys with similar backgrounds and beliefs compete against each other, which led to hostility and prejudice. However, once they were forced to work together to solve a common problem, they began to cooperate and prejudice was reduced.

Question 5

According to the contact hypothesis, which of the following factors increases the chances that intergroup contact will reduce prejudice?

Accepted Answer

The contact hypothesis states that for intergroup contact to reduce prejudice, the groups must have equal status and equal abilities. This equal status can lead to increased empathy and understanding between the groups, ultimately reducing prejudice. The other three factors (working on separate tasks, infrequent yet regular contact, and formal contact) are not necessarily associated with reducing prejudice according to the contact hypothesis.

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of prejudice?

Accepted Answer

Danielle is making a sweeping assumption about an entire race, which is an example of prejudice.

Question 7

Research suggests that we can reduce our prejudices and stereotypic thinking by increasing our contact and interaction with people in other social groups. This is known as the

Accepted Answer

The contact hypothesis proposes that increased contact and interaction between members of different social groups can reduce prejudice and stereotypic thinking. Research has found support for this hypothesis, with studies showing that bringing people from different groups together for shared experiences and meaningful interactions can lead to more positive attitudes and reduced prejudice.

Question 8

Gordon Allport, a pioneer in research on prejudice, noted that while

Accepted Answer

The answer of Gordon Allport, a pioneer in research on...

Question 9

Diffusion of responsibility deals with the effects of which of the following on helping behaviour?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility refers to the phenomenon where people are less likely to take action or offer help in an emergency situation when other people are present. This means that the number of bystanders present plays a significant role in the decrease in helping behaviour. The other options (A, B, and C) may have an impact on helping behaviour, but they are not directly related to diffusion of responsibility.

Question 10

Which of the following proposals for francophone and anglophone grade 3 students is best designed to help reduce prejudice between the two groups?

Accepted Answer

Option C involves cooperation and collaboration between francophone and anglophone students in a practical project. This will allow them to interact and establish positive relationships while working towards a common goal, thus reducing prejudice and promoting empathy towards each other. The other options may also be helpful, but they do not explicitly provide opportunities for the students to work together and interact with each other.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a stereotype?

Accepted Answer

Stereotyping is when someone assigns certain attributes to an entire group of people based on their identity (e.g. race, gender). James believing that Asian people are better at math than non-Asians is an example of a stereotype.

Question 12

When Jana saw the smoke pouring from the house across the street, she decided that someone must have already called the fire department. Then Jana remembered the research on ________ and hurried to the phone to report the fire.

Accepted Answer

The bystander effect is the phenomenon in which individuals are less likely to offer help or take action in an emergency situation when there are other people present. Jana's initial assumption that someone must have already called the fire department is an example of the bystander effect. However, when she remembered the research on the bystander effect, she was motivated to take action and call the fire department herself.

Question 13

Contact works to reduce prejudice only under certain conditions. Which of the following is not one of those conditions?

Accepted Answer

While spending time together is often cited as a way to reduce prejudice, it is not enough on its own. Other conditions, such as equal status and informal contact, need to be present for contact to effectively reduce prejudice.

Question 14

Social stereotypes result in views about people that

Accepted Answer

Social stereotypes often result in views that stress similarities among members of out-groups, leading to generalized or oversimplified beliefs about those groups.

Question 15

All of the following are suggested as effective strategies for reducing prejudice, except

Accepted Answer

Option A is not suggested as an effective strategy for reducing prejudice because it emphasizes differences in social and economic status and ability, which can reinforce stereotypes and biases rather than reduce them. Effective strategies typically involve creating equal status and cooperative interactions among group members.

Question 16

As the number of bystanders increases, the percentage of subjects who help ________ and the time it takes to offer help ________.

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is known as the bystander effect, where the presence of more people reduces the likelihood of any individual person helping due to the diffusion of responsibility.

Question 17

Kitty Genovese was stabbed repeatedly in front of her apartment house, but not one of the 38 neighbours who witnessed her plight intervened or called the police. This incident stimulated the interest of social psychologists in

Accepted Answer

The Kitty Genovese incident is a classic example of the bystander effect, where individuals are less likely to intervene in a situation where there are multiple people present. This incident stimulated the interest of social psychologists in studying this phenomenon.

Question 18

Jamila is a 24-year-old aide in a home for the elderly. When she first started working, she thought that all elderly people were alike. Her attitude about elderly people is best explained by

Accepted Answer

The view that social stereotypes lead people to view the out-group as having less diversity best explains Jamila's attitude towards elderly people, as she initially believed they were all alike. This demonstrates the impact of social stereotyping.

Question 19

According to a recent national poll on racial prejudice, Canadians are becoming

Accepted Answer

The article mentions that "Canadians, overall, appear to be becoming more racially tolerant" based on the results of a national poll on racial prejudice.

Question 20

The bystander effect suggests that if your car is disabled, you are more likely to have someone stop and assist you if

Accepted Answer

The bystander effect states that the larger the group of people, the less likely any one of them is to help someone in need. Therefore, on a busy highway at rush hour or an urban street during the daytime, there may be many people around, but they may all assume someone else will stop to help. In contrast, on a rural road in a fairly unpopulated area, there may be fewer people around, but those who are there may feel more personally responsible for helping because there are fewer other potential helpers. Therefore, choice A is the best answer.

Quiz 10: Social Psychology