Question 1

Discuss the two reasons to test or screen for a communicable disease

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Question 2

Which term is used to describe the collection of data utilizing screening tools, interviews, and sentinel systems to identify disease occurrence in the community when individuals present with suggestive symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Active surveillance is a method of collecting data on disease occurrence by actively seeking out cases through the use of various tools and techniques such as screening and interviewing individuals with suggestive symptoms. Contact tracing and notifiable disease lists are related to surveillance but refer to specific aspects of tracking and reporting cases of communicable diseases. Passive screening, on the other hand, refers to individuals seeking medical attention on their own accord without any proactive efforts on the part of healthcare professionals to identify cases.

Question 3

What is an example of a nursing activity that will provide passive immunity to the client?

Accepted Answer

Administering hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) provides passive immunity because it contains preformed antibodies that can immediately neutralize the virus. This immunity is temporary and will eventually fade. The other options listed provide active immunity, where the body is stimulated to produce its own antibodies.

Question 4

Judy is a nurse responsible for managing an outbreak of hepatitis A in a day camp. Outline the steps she would take to manage the outbreak

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Question 5

Discuss the importance of herd immunity

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Question 6

The public health department has been alerted to a potential outbreak of hepatitis A after eight people who attended a wedding in Mexico have tested positive for the hepatitis A IgM. The public health nurse is now involved in contact tracing. The nurse is interviewing the infected individuals regarding contacts they were exposed to during the incubation of the disease. What is the most likely mode of transmission of the pathogen in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

The most likely mode of transmission of hepatitis A in this scenario is ingestion of non-cooked food contaminated by infectious food handlers. This is because hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through fecal-oral route, meaning that the virus is present in the feces of infected people and can be transmitted through contaminated food or water. Handling food without proper handwashing can contaminate the food with the virus. The fact that multiple people who attended the same wedding have tested positive for the virus suggests that they may have all consumed contaminated food or drink at the same event. Drinking water contaminated with hepatitis A is also a possible mode of transmission, but it is less likely in this scenario as the infected individuals all attended the same event and did not report drinking from a common source of water. Direct contact with respiratory droplets or mosquito bites are not known modes of transmission for hepatitis A.

Question 7

The public health department has been alerted to a potential outbreak of hepatitis A after eight people who attended a wedding in Mexico have tested positive for salmonellosis. What is the incubation period for salmonellosis?

Accepted Answer

The incubation period for salmonellosis, which is caused by Salmonella bacteria, typically ranges from 12 to 36 hours after exposure.

Question 8

A public health nurse has identified a client who has had contact with an infectious individual who has been diagnosed with active tuberculosis. What term is used to describe the amount of time the client has spent with the infectious individual?

Accepted Answer

The term used to describe the amount of time the client has spent with the infectious individual is "degree of exposure." The incubation period refers to the time between exposure to a pathogen and the onset of symptoms, mode of transmission refers to how the pathogen is transmitted (e.g. through the air, by touch), and control measures refer to actions taken to prevent the spread of disease.

Question 9

A Community Health Nurse is engaged in contact tracing. What three main points would he need to consider when identifying contacts?

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Question 10

What is Direct Observed Therapy (DOT) and why is this method used in the community setting?

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Quiz 12: Communicable Diseases