To be satisfied that X does cause Y, which of the following does not need to happen?
A) X must precede Y in time.
B) X and Y must vary together.
C) Y must demonstrably be caused by X and not by something else.
D) Y must precede X in time.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Y preceding X in time is not necessary to establish that X causes Y. The other three criteria (X preceding Y in time, X and Y varying together, and Y being demonstrably caused by X and not by something else) are necessary to establish causality.

To Be Satisfied That X Does Cause Y, Which of the Following