TABLE 12-4
One criterion used to evaluate employees in the assembly section of a large factory is the number of defective pieces per 1,000 parts produced. The quality control department wants to find out whether there is a relationship between years of experience and defect rate. Since the job is repetitious, after the initial training period any improvement due to a learning effect might be offset by a loss of motivation. A defect rate is calculated for each worker in a yearly evaluation. The results for 100 workers are given in the table below.

-Referring to Table 12-4, a test was conducted to determine if a relationship exists between defect rate and years of experience. Which of the following p-values would indicate that defect rate and years of experience are dependent? Assume you are testing at α = 0.05.
A) 0.045
B) 0.055
C) 0.074
D) 0.080

Question

TABLE 12-4
One criterion used to evaluate employees in the assembly section of a large factory is the number of defective pieces per 1,000 parts produced. The quality control department wants to find out whether there is a relationship between years of experience and defect rate. Since the job is repetitious, after the initial training period any improvement due to a learning effect might be offset by a loss of motivation. A defect rate is calculated for each worker in a yearly evaluation. The results for 100 workers are given in the table below.
 
-Referring to Table 12-4, a test was conducted to determine if a relationship exists between defect rate and years of experience. Which of the following p-values would indicate that defect rate and years of experience are dependent? Assume you are testing at α = 0.05.
A) 0.045 
B) 0.055 
C) 0.074 
D) 0.080

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Since we are testing at α = 0.05, a p-value less than or equal to 0.05 would indicate statistical significance and that there is a relationship between defect rate and years of experience. The only p-value less than or equal to 0.05 in the given options is 0.045. Therefore, the correct choice is A.

TABLE 12-4 One Criterion Used to Evaluate Employees in the Assembly Section