The assumptions of a theory
A)are indirectly refuted if and when the theory itself is rejected by empirical observation.
B)are not necessary for the scientific approach.
C)are supposed to be as unrealistic as possible.
D)are assumed to be true even when empirical observation rejects the predictions of the theory.
E)must be realistic if the theory is to be of any use.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The assumptions of a theory are fundamental and necessary premises that the theory is built upon, but they are not necessarily realistic or true. However, if the theory is rejected by empirical observation, it means that some or all of the assumptions must be wrong, and thus the assumptions are indirectly refuted. Therefore, A is the best choice. B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the empirical nature of science and the principle of falsifiability, which requires that a theory must be able to be tested and potentially refuted by empirical evidence. E is also incorrect because the assumptions do not have to be realistic or true, although they must be consistent with empirical evidence and logic.

The Assumptions of a Theory