In cross-cultural research, the independent or treatment variable is generally the .

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In cross-cultural research, the independent or treatment variable is usually the culture being studied. Researchers are interested in how different cultures may influence various aspects of mental health, including the prevalence and presentation of disorders, treatment-seeking behaviors, and the effectiveness of different treatment approaches. Culture is therefore a key independent variable in cross-cultural research, allowing researchers to compare and contrast different cultures and examine how cultural factors may impact mental health outcomes.

In Cross-Cultural Research, the Independent or Treatment Variable Is Generally