When an independent variable is actively manipulated, the research must be post-facto.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

This statement is false. When the independent variable is actively manipulated, it is considered an experimental study design, not a post-facto (retrospective) study design. In an experimental design, the researcher actively manipulates the independent variable and observes the effect on the dependent variable, whereas in a post-facto study, the researcher analyzes data that has already been collected without any manipulation of the independent variable.

When an Independent Variable Is Actively Manipulated, the Research Must