The reason for the Bank of Canada to have a range for its inflation targeting is that some of the components of the CPI, fluctuate a lot.

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The Bank of Canada targets an inflation rate of 2%, but allows for a range of 1-3%, in order to account for the fact that some components of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) can fluctuate widely and cause short-term deviations from the target inflation rate. This range provides some flexibility for monetary policy to respond to unexpected shocks without causing undue disruption to the economy.

The Reason for the Bank of Canada to Have a Range