When sociologists measure variation between different groups in standardized test scores, grades, graduation rates, and college entrance, they are focusing on:

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The achievement gap refers to the differences in academic performance between different groups, such as racial or socioeconomic groups. Therefore, when sociologists measure variation in standardized test scores, grades, graduation rates, and college entrance, they are focused on understanding and addressing the achievement gap.

When Sociologists Measure Variation Between Different Groups in Standardized Test