The notion of proximity:

Question

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Proximity is not separate from foreseeability in determining whether a duty of care exists in a negligence claim. The concept of proximity refers to the relationship between the parties that creates a reasonable expectation that care will be taken by one towards the other. However, proximity is not a precise legal term and can be applied in various circumstances. It also relates to specific parties involved in the particular case, not nonspecific third parties. The notion of reasonable reliance, on the other hand, is separate from proximity and involves a separate analysis of the plaintiff's behavior and decision making.

The Notion of Proximity