The Management of a Publicly Held Corporation Effectively Controls the Election

The management of a publicly held corporation effectively controls the election process of the board of directors because .

A) the management typically owns almost all the shares
B) shareholders are scattered across the country and vote by proxy, thus allowing the proxy committee to vote the shares in any way it sees fit
C) the management rigs the election through the use of fraudulent and nonexistent proxies, thus increasing the votes for the candidate it has backed to win
D) proxies are typically ignored at the shareholders' meeting