In California v.Acevedo (1991),the Court ruled that officers with probable cause but without warrants can search containers inside vehicles:

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The Court ruled that when there is probable cause to search a vehicle, officers can search any containers inside the vehicle that may hold the items for which they have probable cause to search, even if the container is not an essential part of the vehicle. This ruling allows police officers to search containers like backpacks, purses, or luggage if they have probable cause to suspect that contraband or evidence is inside.

In California V