To effectively compare medical systems and health cross-culturally,medical anthropologists have made a theoretical distinction between:

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Medical anthropologists have made a theoretical distinction between "disease," which refers to the biological or physiological process that produces symptoms, and "illness," which refers to the cultural interpretations and meanings attached to those symptoms. This distinction helps in comparing medical systems and health cross-culturally by recognizing that different cultural understandings and practices can shape how individuals experience and seek treatment for their health problems, even if the underlying physical conditions are similar.

To Effectively Compare Medical Systems and Health Cross-Culturally,medical Anthropologists Have