A Client Asks the Nurse Why a Medication Prescribed by the Provider

A client asks the nurse why a medication prescribed by the provider "didn't do anything at all." Which statement by the nurse accurately describes how genetics influence drug action? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.

A) "Genetic differences can result in significant differences in how each client's body handles the same medication."
B) "Genetic differences can cause mutations in enzymes, changing the way they function. This can alter how the body metabolizes and excretes drugs."
C) "Because of genetic differences, medication may accumulate to toxic levels in one client while in another client may be inactivated before it can have a therapeutic effect."
D) "Genetic differences can be expressed as an alteration in the structure of an enzyme, which can cause a defective receptor and an allergic response to drugs."
E) "Genetic differences in clients who are biracial result in an allergic response to medications."